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  • Issue Brief
  • Social Security
  • A Vanishing Benefit: Why Social Security’s Special Minimum Benefit is Fading Away

    Mar 20, 2023

    United States capitol in Washington DC with a Social Security card and money

    This research provides an overview of the special minimum benefit, an alternative Social Security formula that was initially passed by Congress in 1972 to set a benefit “floor” and protect workers from experiencing severe poverty in retirement. To be eligible, workers must have a record of 11 years or more of covered employment and must not be qualified for another Social Security benefit of a higher value.

    Over time, indexing of the special minimum benefit formula, combined with economic changes has made the policy ineffective at reducing poverty as intended. Because the indexing was based on prices instead of wages, participation in the program has diminished. Soon no new retirees will qualify for the benefit.

    This research indicates that fixing the minimum benefit would help to reduce financial insecurity among seniors by providing adequate benefits for workers with lifetime low income who may not otherwise be able to continue employment past the standard retirement age.

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  • Fact Sheets
  • Social Security
  • Quantifying the Economic Impact of Social Security Benefit Spending

    New research from the National Institute on Retirement Security finds that Social Security benefits play a powerful role in supporting the U.S. economy, generating $2.6 trillion in total economic output and supporting more than 12 million American jobs in 2023.

    Oct 30, 2025

    Views of Retirement in America by Political Party Affiliation
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    Views of Retirement in America by Political Party Affiliation

    Despite deep polarization across the U.S., a research brief from the National Institute on Retirement Security finds common ground when it comes to Americans’ support for Social Security and defined benefit pension plans. At the same time, Views of Retirement in America by Political Party Affiliation finds Americans across party lines are worried about retirement. […]

    Oct 7, 2024